SANtricity 11 Manuals (CA08872-010)

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Hardware terminology

The following hardware terms apply to storage systems.

General hardware terms:

Component	Description
Bay	A bay is a slot in the shelf where a drive or other component is installed.
Controller	A controller consists of a board, firmware, and software. It controls the drives and implements the SANtricity System Manager functions.
Controller shelf	A controller shelf contains a set of drives and one or more controller canisters. A controller canister holds the controllers, host interface cards (HICs), and batteries.
Drive	A drive is an electromagnetic mechanical device or solid state memory device that provides the physical storage media for data.
Drive shelf	A drive shelf, also called an expansion shelf, contains a set of drives and two input/output modules (IOMs). The IOMs contain SAS ports that connect a drive shelf to a controller shelf or to other drive shelves.
IOM (ESM)	An IOM is an input/output module that includes SAS ports for connecting the drive shelf to the controller shelf. In previous controller models, the IOM was referred to as an environmental service module (ESM).
Power/fan canister	A power/fan canister is an assembly that slides into a shelf. It includes a power supply and an integrated fan.
SFP	An SFP is a Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) transceiver.
Shelf	A shelf is an enclosure installed in a cabinet or rack. It contains the hardware components for the storage system. There are two types of shelves: a controller shelf and a drive shelf. A controller shelf includes controllers and drives. A drive shelf includes input/output modules (IOMs) and drives.
Storage system	A storage system includes the shelves, controllers, drives, software, and firmware.

Component

Description

Bay

A bay is a slot in the shelf where a drive or other component is installed.

Controller

A controller consists of a board, firmware, and software. It controls the drives and implements the SANtricity System Manager functions.

Controller shelf

A controller shelf contains a set of drives and one or more controller canisters. A controller canister holds the controllers, host interface cards (HICs), and batteries.

Drive

A drive is an electromagnetic mechanical device or solid state memory device that provides the physical storage media for data.

Drive shelf

A drive shelf, also called an expansion shelf, contains a set of drives and two input/output modules (IOMs). The IOMs contain SAS ports that connect a drive shelf to a controller shelf or to other drive shelves.

IOM (ESM)

An IOM is an input/output module that includes SAS ports for connecting the drive shelf to the controller shelf. In previous controller models, the IOM was referred to as an environmental service module (ESM).

Power/fan canister

A power/fan canister is an assembly that slides into a shelf. It includes a power supply and an integrated fan.

SFP

An SFP is a Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) transceiver.

Shelf

A shelf is an enclosure installed in a cabinet or rack. It contains the hardware components for the storage system. There are two types of shelves: a controller shelf and a drive shelf. A controller shelf includes controllers and drives. A drive shelf includes input/output modules (IOMs) and drives.

Storage system

A storage system includes the shelves, controllers, drives, software, and firmware.

Controller terms:

Component	Description
Controller	A controller consists of a board, firmware, and software. It controls the drives and implements the SANtricity System Manager functions.
Controller shelf	A controller shelf contains a set of drives and one or more controller canisters. A controller canister holds the controllers, host interface cards (HICs), and batteries.
DHCP	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a protocol used on Internet Protocol (IP) networks for dynamically distributing network configuration parameters, such as IP addresses.
DNS	Domain Name System (DNS) is a naming system for devices connected to the Internet or a private network. The DNS server maintains a directory of domain names and translates them to Internet Protocol (IP) addresses.
Duplex configurations	Duplex is a two-controller module configuration within the storage system. Duplex systems are fully redundant with respect to controllers, logical volume paths, and disk paths. If one controller fails, the other controller takes over its I/O to maintain availability. Duplex systems also have redundant fans and power supplies.
Full-duplex / half-duplex connections	Full-duplex and half-duplex refer to connection modes. In full-duplex mode, two devices can communicate simultaneously in both directions. In half-duplex mode, devices can communicate in one direction at a time (one device sends a message, while the other device receives it).
HIC	A host interface card (HIC) can optionally be installed within a controller canister. Host ports that are built into the controller are called baseboard host ports. Host ports that are built into the HIC are called HIC ports.
ICMP PING response	Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a protocol used by operating systems of networked computers to send messages. ICMP messages determine whether a host is reachable and how long it takes to get packets to and from that host.
MAC address	Media access control identifiers (MAC addresses) are used by Ethernet to distinguish between separate logical channels connecting two ports on the same physical transport network interface.
management client	A management client is the computer where a browser is installed for accessing SANtricity System Manager.
MTU	A Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is the largest size packet or frame that can be sent in a network.
NTP	Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a networking protocol for clock synchronization between computer systems in data networks.
Simplex configurations	Simplex is a single-controller module configuration within the storage system. A simplex system does not offer controller or disk-path redundancy, but does have redundant fans and power supplies.
VLAN	A virtual local area network (VLAN) is a logical network that behaves like it is physically separate from other networks supported by the same devices (switches, routers, etc.).

Component

Description

Controller

A controller consists of a board, firmware, and software. It controls the drives and implements the SANtricity System Manager functions.

Controller shelf

A controller shelf contains a set of drives and one or more controller canisters. A controller canister holds the controllers, host interface cards (HICs), and batteries.

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a protocol used on Internet Protocol (IP) networks for dynamically distributing network configuration parameters, such as IP addresses.

DNS

Domain Name System (DNS) is a naming system for devices connected to the Internet or a private network. The DNS server maintains a directory of domain names and translates them to Internet Protocol (IP) addresses.

Duplex configurations

Duplex is a two-controller module configuration within the storage system. Duplex systems are fully redundant with respect to controllers, logical volume paths, and disk paths. If one controller fails, the other controller takes over its I/O to maintain availability. Duplex systems also have redundant fans and power supplies.

Full-duplex / half-duplex connections

Full-duplex and half-duplex refer to connection modes. In full-duplex mode, two devices can communicate simultaneously in both directions. In half-duplex mode, devices can communicate in one direction at a time (one device sends a message, while the other device receives it).

HIC

A host interface card (HIC) can optionally be installed within a controller canister. Host ports that are built into the controller are called baseboard host ports. Host ports that are built into the HIC are called HIC ports.

ICMP PING response

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a protocol used by operating systems of networked computers to send messages. ICMP messages determine whether a host is reachable and how long it takes to get packets to and from that host.

MAC address

Media access control identifiers (MAC addresses) are used by Ethernet to distinguish between separate logical channels connecting two ports on the same physical transport network interface.

management client

A management client is the computer where a browser is installed for accessing SANtricity System Manager.

MTU

A Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is the largest size packet or frame that can be sent in a network.

NTP

Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a networking protocol for clock synchronization between computer systems in data networks.

Simplex configurations

Simplex is a single-controller module configuration within the storage system. A simplex system does not offer controller or disk-path redundancy, but does have redundant fans and power supplies.

VLAN

A virtual local area network (VLAN) is a logical network that behaves like it is physically separate from other networks supported by the same devices (switches, routers, etc.).

Drive terms:

Component	Description
DA	Data Assurance (DA) is a feature that checks for and corrects errors that might occur as data is transferred through the controllers down to the drives. Data Assurance can be enabled at the pool or volume group level, with hosts using a DA-capable I/O interface such as Fibre Channel.
Drive Security feature	Drive Security is a storage system feature that provides an extra layer of security with either Full Disk Encryption (FDE) drives or Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) drives. When these drives are used with the Drive Security feature, they require a security key for access to their data. When the drives are physically removed from the array, they cannot operate until they are installed in another array, at which point, they will be in a Security Locked state until the correct security key is provided.
Drive shelf	A drive shelf, also called an expansion shelf, contains a set of drives and two input/output modules (IOMs). The IOMs contain SAS ports that connect a drive shelf to a controller shelf or to other drive shelves.
DULBE	Deallocated or Unwritten Logical Block Error (DULBE) is an option on NVMe drives that allows the AB3100 or AB6100 storage system to support resource-provisioned volumes.
FDE drives	Full Disk Encryption (FDE) drives perform encryption on the disk drive at the hardware level. The HDD contains an ASIC chip that encrypts data during writes, and then decrypts data during reads.
FIPS drives	FIPS drives use Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 140-2 level 2. They are essentially FDE drives that adhere to United States government standards for ensuring strong encryption algorithms and methods. FIPS drives have higher security standards than FDE drives.
HDD	Hard disk drives (HDDs) are data storage devices that use rotating metal platters with a magnetic coating.
Hot spare drives	Hot spares act as standby drives in RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 6 volume groups. They are fully functional drives that contain no data. If a drive fails in the volume group, the controller automatically reconstructs data from the failed drive to a hot spare.
NVMe	Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) is an interface designed for flash-based storage devices, such as SSD. NVMe reduces I/O overhead and includes performance improvements, as compared to previous logical-device interfaces.
SAS	Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is a point-to-point serial protocol that links controllers directly to disk drives.
Secure-capable drives	Secure-capable drives can be either Full Disk Encryption (FDE) drives or Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) drives, which encrypt data during writes and decrypt data during reads. These drives are considered secure-capable because they can be used for additional security using the Drive Security feature. If the Drive Security feature is enabled for volume groups and pools used with these drives, the drives become secure-enabled.
Secure-enabled drives	Secure-enabled drives are used with the Drive Security feature. When you enable the Drive Security feature and then apply Drive Security to a pool or volume group on secure-capable drives, the drives become secure-enabled. Read and write access is available only through a controller that is configured with the correct security key. This added security prevents unauthorized access to the data on a drive that is physically removed from the storage system.
SSD	Solid-state drives (SSDs) are data storage devices that use solid state memory (flash) to store data persistently. SSDs emulate conventional HDD, and are available with the same interfaces that HDD use.

Component

Description

Data Assurance (DA) is a feature that checks for and corrects errors that might occur as data is transferred through the controllers down to the drives. Data Assurance can be enabled at the pool or volume group level, with hosts using a DA-capable I/O interface such as Fibre Channel.

Drive Security feature

Drive Security is a storage system feature that provides an extra layer of security with either Full Disk Encryption (FDE) drives or Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) drives. When these drives are used with the Drive Security feature, they require a security key for access to their data. When the drives are physically removed from the array, they cannot operate until they are installed in another array, at which point, they will be in a Security Locked state until the correct security key is provided.

Drive shelf

DULBE

Deallocated or Unwritten Logical Block Error (DULBE) is an option on NVMe drives that allows the AB3100 or AB6100 storage system to support resource-provisioned volumes.

FDE drives

Full Disk Encryption (FDE) drives perform encryption on the disk drive at the hardware level. The HDD contains an ASIC chip that encrypts data during writes, and then decrypts data during reads.

FIPS drives

FIPS drives use Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 140-2 level 2. They are essentially FDE drives that adhere to United States government standards for ensuring strong encryption algorithms and methods. FIPS drives have higher security standards than FDE drives.

HDD

Hard disk drives (HDDs) are data storage devices that use rotating metal platters with a magnetic coating.

Hot spare drives

Hot spares act as standby drives in RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 6 volume groups. They are fully functional drives that contain no data. If a drive fails in the volume group, the controller automatically reconstructs data from the failed drive to a hot spare.

NVMe

Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) is an interface designed for flash-based storage devices, such as SSD. NVMe reduces I/O overhead and includes performance improvements, as compared to previous logical-device interfaces.

SAS

Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is a point-to-point serial protocol that links controllers directly to disk drives.

Secure-capable drives

Secure-capable drives can be either Full Disk Encryption (FDE) drives or Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) drives, which encrypt data during writes and decrypt data during reads. These drives are considered secure-capable because they can be used for additional security using the Drive Security feature. If the Drive Security feature is enabled for volume groups and pools used with these drives, the drives become secure-enabled.

Secure-enabled drives

Secure-enabled drives are used with the Drive Security feature. When you enable the Drive Security feature and then apply Drive Security to a pool or volume group on secure-capable drives, the drives become secure-enabled. Read and write access is available only through a controller that is configured with the correct security key. This added security prevents unauthorized access to the data on a drive that is physically removed from the storage system.

SSD

Solid-state drives (SSDs) are data storage devices that use solid state memory (flash) to store data persistently. SSDs emulate conventional HDD, and are available with the same interfaces that HDD use.

iSCSI terms:

Term	Description
CHAP	The Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) method validates the identity of targets and initiators during the initial link. Authentication is based on a shared security key called a CHAP secret.
Controller	A controller consists of a board, firmware, and software. It controls the drives and implements the SANtricity System Manager functions.
DHCP	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a protocol used on Internet Protocol (IP) networks for dynamically distributing network configuration parameters, such as IP addresses.
IB	InfiniBand (IB) is a communications standard for data transmission between high-performance servers and storage systems.
ICMP PING response	Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a protocol used by operating systems of networked computers to send messages. ICMP messages determine whether a host is reachable and how long it takes to get packets to and from that host.
IQN	An iSCSI Qualified Name (IQN) identifier is a unique name for an iSCSI initiator or iSCSI target.
iSER	iSCSI Extensions for RDMA (iSER) is a protocol that extends the iSCSI protocol for operation over RDMA transports, such as InfiniBand or Ethernet.
iSNS	Internet Storage Name Service (iSNS) is a protocol that allows automated discovery, management, and configuration of iSCSI and Fibre Channel devices on TCP/IP networks.
MAC address	Media access control identifiers (MAC addresses) are used by Ethernet to distinguish between separate logical channels connecting two ports on the same physical transport network interface.
Management client	A management client is the computer where a browser is installed for accessing SANtricity System Manager.
MTU	A Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is the largest size packet or frame that can be sent in a network.
RDMA	Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) is a technology that allows network computers to exchange data in main memory without involving the operating system of either computer.
Unnamed discovery session	When the option for unnamed discovery sessions is enabled, iSCSI initiators are not required to specify the target IQN to retrieve the controller’s information.

Term

Description

CHAP

The Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) method validates the identity of targets and initiators during the initial link. Authentication is based on a shared security key called a CHAP secret.

Controller

A controller consists of a board, firmware, and software. It controls the drives and implements the SANtricity System Manager functions.

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a protocol used on Internet Protocol (IP) networks for dynamically distributing network configuration parameters, such as IP addresses.

InfiniBand (IB) is a communications standard for data transmission between high-performance servers and storage systems.

ICMP PING response

IQN

An iSCSI Qualified Name (IQN) identifier is a unique name for an iSCSI initiator or iSCSI target.

iSER

iSCSI Extensions for RDMA (iSER) is a protocol that extends the iSCSI protocol for operation over RDMA transports, such as InfiniBand or Ethernet.

iSNS

Internet Storage Name Service (iSNS) is a protocol that allows automated discovery, management, and configuration of iSCSI and Fibre Channel devices on TCP/IP networks.

MAC address

Media access control identifiers (MAC addresses) are used by Ethernet to distinguish between separate logical channels connecting two ports on the same physical transport network interface.

Management client

A management client is the computer where a browser is installed for accessing SANtricity System Manager.

MTU

A Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is the largest size packet or frame that can be sent in a network.

RDMA

Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) is a technology that allows network computers to exchange data in main memory without involving the operating system of either computer.

Unnamed discovery session

When the option for unnamed discovery sessions is enabled, iSCSI initiators are not required to specify the target IQN to retrieve the controller’s information.

NVMe terms:

Term	Description
InfiniBand	InfiniBand (IB) is a communications standard for data transmission between high-performance servers and storage systems.
Namespace	A namespace is NVM storage that is formatted for block access. It is analogous to a logical unit in SCSI, which relates to a volume in the storage system.
Namespace ID	The namespace ID is the NVMe controller’s unique identifier for the namespace, and can be set to a value between 1 and 255. It is analogous to a logical unit number (LUN) in SCSI.
NQN	NVMe Qualified Name (NQN) is used to identify the remote storage target (the storage system).
NVM	Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) is persistent memory used in many types of storage devices.
NVMe	Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) is an interface designed for flash-based storage devices, such as SSD. NVMe reduces I/O overhead and includes performance improvements, as compared to previous logical-device interfaces.
NVMe-oF	Non-Volatile Memory Express over Fabrics (NVMe-oF) is a specification that enables NVMe commands and data to transfer over a network between a host and storage.
NVMe controller	An NVMe controller is created during the host connection process. It provides an access path between a host and the namespaces in the storage system.
NVMe queue	A queue is used for passing commands and messages over the NVMe interface.
NVMe subsystem	The storage system with an NVMe host connection.
RDMA	Remote direct memory access (RDMA) enables more direct data movement in and out of a server by implementing a transport protocol in the network interface card (NIC) hardware.
RoCE	RDMA over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) is a network protocol that allows remote direct memory access (RDMA) over an Ethernet network.
SSD	Solid-state drives (SSDs) are data storage devices that use solid state memory (flash) to store data persistently. SSDs emulate conventional HDD, and are available with the same interfaces that HDD use.

Term

Description

InfiniBand

InfiniBand (IB) is a communications standard for data transmission between high-performance servers and storage systems.

Namespace

A namespace is NVM storage that is formatted for block access. It is analogous to a logical unit in SCSI, which relates to a volume in the storage system.

Namespace ID

The namespace ID is the NVMe controller’s unique identifier for the namespace, and can be set to a value between 1 and 255. It is analogous to a logical unit number (LUN) in SCSI.

NQN

NVMe Qualified Name (NQN) is used to identify the remote storage target (the storage system).

NVM

Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) is persistent memory used in many types of storage devices.

NVMe

NVMe-oF

Non-Volatile Memory Express over Fabrics (NVMe-oF) is a specification that enables NVMe commands and data to transfer over a network between a host and storage.

NVMe controller

An NVMe controller is created during the host connection process. It provides an access path between a host and the namespaces in the storage system.

NVMe queue

A queue is used for passing commands and messages over the NVMe interface.

NVMe subsystem

The storage system with an NVMe host connection.

RDMA

Remote direct memory access (RDMA) enables more direct data movement in and out of a server by implementing a transport protocol in the network interface card (NIC) hardware.

RoCE

RDMA over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) is a network protocol that allows remote direct memory access (RDMA) over an Ethernet network.

SSD